(90)Interestingly, Paul seems to be something of a microcosm of this very phenomenon.
The Hellenic influence pervaded everything, and even in the very strongholds of Judaism it modified the organization of the state, the laws, and public affairs, art, science, and industry, affecting even the ordinary things of life and the common associations of the people […] The inscription forbidding strangers to advance beyond a certain point in the Temple was in Greek; and was probably made necessary by the presence of numerous Jews from Greek-speaking countries at the time of the festivals (comp.
All too often, when confronted with postmodern philosophy, the reflexive response of the Evangelical church has been wholesale rejection. Paul was a native of Tarsus, a city on the Cilician plain in the southeastern corner of modern Turkey. In fact, Evans and Porter rightly assert that, “Paul’s practice of deliberately using Stoic themes in redefined ways is an early Christian attempt at crosscultural communication, even more significant if Stoicism or a Stoicizing influence were at work in the Gentile churches” (717).Tenney points out that the early church was in many ways the product of Jewish, Greek, and Roman influences:The morality of Judaism was perpetuated in the standards of conduct upheld by the church. The Egyptian diaspora is the most well-known of these.Adaptation to Hellenic culture did not require compromise of Jewish precepts or conscience.
It may be that it was eventually marginalized by, partially absorbed into or became progressively the Koine-speaking core of The conquests of Alexander in the late fourth century BCE spread Greek culture and These Jews living in countries west of the Levant formed the Hellenistic diaspora. Plato, however, seems to be concerned with self mastery in the name of virtue and justice (Paul’s use of Stoic thought constructs was significantly more pronounced than his use of Platonism.
This concept also is conveyed in the epistle to the Galatians where, like the author of Hebrews, Paul sees the archetype for the city of God’s people as “the Jerusalem that is above” (Gal 4:26) existing in the spiritual realm (cf. Hellenism also expressed itself in minor ways, such as Saul taking the name Paul. One of the first known advocates of early Pharisaic (proto-Rabbinical) 'orthodoxy' against the Samaritans. The so-called copper scroll with its utopian list of treasures also contains a series of Greek loanwords.
the "murmuring of the Grecians against the Hebrews," Ethnic, cultural, philosophical, and social tensions within the Hellenistic Jewish world were partly overcome by the emergence of a new, typically Their efforts were probably facilitated by the arrival of a fourth wave of Greek-speaking newcomers to Cilicia/Southern Turkey and Northwestern Syria: [North African] Cyrenian Jews were of sufficient importance in those days to have their name associated with a synagogue at Jerusalem (Acts 6:9).
Unless otherwise noted, all Scripture quotations are taken from the New International Version of the Holy Bible.Paul was a native of Tarsus, a city on the Cilician plain in the southeastern corner of modern Turkey. Or did he simply make use of Hellenistic philosophical categories in order to contextualize and thereby advance the gospel? Paul’s letters demonstrate that he was fluent in an educated style of Greek, and his citation of Hellenistic poets (1Co 15:33, Ac 17:28, Tit 1:12) points to the probability that Paul was the beneficiary of a formal Greek education (Polhill 10).According to Polhill, “Strabo wrote that Tarsus ‘surpassed’ Athens and Alexandria in its love for Philosophy” (8). ; I Cor. While the degree of Hellenistic influence on Paul is a matter of debate among scholars, the sheer fact that he was reared in the Tarsian cultural milieu, makes it difficult to believe that Paul would not have been impacted by Hellenistic philosophy. While Paul usually links predestination with foreknowledge (Rom 8:29), it is not universally so (Eph 1:5, 11), and his view of God’s sovereignty is particularly absolute in Romans 9, which can be seen as mildly deterministicAnother commonality between Paul and the Stoics is found in the aspect of moral exhortation. • Andronicus ben Meshullam, Egyptian Jewish scholar of the 2nd century BCE. We will briefly survey the two main categories of Hellenistic thought which are represented in the Pauline corpus, extract the associated theological implications, and explore ideas for their application in contemporary culture. The city was the cradle of the church".But many of the surviving liturgical traditions of these communities rooted in Hellenistic Judaism and, more generally, Members of these communities still call themselves "A form of Judaism in classical antiquity that combined Jewish religious tradition with elements of Greek cultureFirst synagogues in Europe, North Africa, and the Middle EastFirst synagogues in Europe, North Africa, and the Middle EastWalter, N. Jüdisch-hellenistische Literatur vor Philon von Alexandrien (unter Ausschluss der Historiker), ANRW II: 20.1.67-120"making themselves foreskins"; I Macc. Peabody: Hendrickson, 1896. His system of philosophy is “perhaps the greatest philosophical edifice ever erected in the Western intellectual tradition” (Evans and Porter 804). Sometimes the influence was felt indirectly (safe roads for the missionaries) and sometimes directly (theological synergism). ), Middle Platonism (c. 80 B.C.-A.D. 250), and Neo-Platonism (c. A.D. 250-600).
For instance, the Stoic teaching was typically targeted at the weaker party in the social order, i.e.
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