When he learned that Sedgwick had retreated back over the river, Hooker felt he was out of options to save the campaign.
The Army of the Potomac was able to call on the services of self-styled "Professor of Aeronautics" Gallagher, pp. 281, 287, 289–91, 300–302, 488; Welcher, p. 673; Eicher, p. 483; Salmon, p. 180; Krick, pp. 475, 477; Welcher, pp. Hooker expressed his disappointment in Sedgwick: "my object in ordering General Sedgwick forward ... Was to relieve me from the position in which I found myself at Chancellorsville. 660–61.Salmon, pp. Hooker jumped onto his horse and frantically tried to take action. 480–82; Cullen, p. 34; Welcher, p. 670.Krick, pp. 156–57; Welcher, p. 667.Sears, pp. A staff officer yelled "My God, here they come!"
178–83; Sears, pp. As far as Hooker knew, the only possible route for a Confederate attack was along the turnpike, which would cause them to run right into the II and XII Corps, both elite outfits and well-entrenched. Howard's XI Corps had been defeated, but the Army of the Potomac remained a potent force and Reynolds's I Corps had arrived overnight, which replaced Howard's losses. 485–86.Sears, pp. Soon thereafter, the For nearly a year, the Coalition mobilized local citizens, held candlelight vigils and hearings, and encouraged residents to become more involved in preservation. He confused matters by issuing a second order to his subordinates to hold their positions until 5 p.m., but by the time it was received, most of the Union units had begun their rearward movements. 98–99; Cullen, p. 19; Salmon, pp. However, it became apparent that this direction would lead to essentially a frontal assault against Howard's line. 237–38, 270.Furgurson, p. 90; Eicher, pp. With the loss of Jackson, Lee reorganized his army, and flush with victory began what was to become the In January 1863, the Army of the Potomac, following the Predictably, Burnside's purge went nowhere, and he offered Abraham Lincoln had become convinced that the appropriate objective for his Eastern army was the army of Robert E. Lee, not any geographic features such as a capital city,Hooker embarked on a much-needed reorganization of the army, doing away with Burnside's grand division system, which had proved unwieldy; he also no longer had sufficient senior officers on hand that he could trust to command multi-corps operations.Hooker established a reputation as an outstanding administrator and restored the morale of his soldiers, which had plummeted to a new low under Burnside. Artillery fire was exchanged by both sides in the afternoon and at 5:30 p.m., two brigades of Brooks's division attacked on both sides of the Plank Road. 176–77; Cullen, pp. 17–18; Welcher, p. 659; Sears, pp. 28–29; Krick, pp.
Investigations of a route to be used to reach the flank identified the proprietor of Catharine Furnace, Charles C. Wellford, who showed Jackson's cartographer, Given the communications chaos of May 1, Hooker was under the mistaken impression that Sedgwick had withdrawn back across the Rappahannock and, based on this, that the VI Corps should remain on the north bank of the river across from the town, where it could protect the army's supplies and supply line. 24–25; Furgurson, p. 18; Cullen, pp. 41–42; Goolrick, pp. Lee observed that Hooker was threatening no offensive action, so felt comfortable ordering Anderson's division to join the battle against Sedgwick. The fiercest fighting of the battle—and the second bloodiest day of the Civil War—occurred on May 3 as Lee launched multiple attacks against the Union position at Chancellorsville, resulting in heavy losses on both sides and the pulling back of Hooker's main army. They crossed the Rappahannock and Rapidan rivers as planned and began to concentrate on April 30 around the hamlet of Hooker arrived late in the afternoon on April 30 and made the mansion his headquarters. 319–20; Welcher, p. 677.Salmon, p. 183; Sears, pp. The Chancellorsville campaign was one of the most lopsided clashes of the war, with the Union's effective fighting force more than twice the Confederates', the greatest imbalance during the war in Virginia. 21–24, 61; Warner, p. 58.Krick, pp. The loss of this artillery platform doomed the Union position at the Chancellorsville crossroads as well, and the Army of the Potomac began a fighting retreat to positions circling United States Ford. 151–53.Sears, pp. 172–77.Catton, pp.
The loss of 21,357 men that day in the three battles, divided equally between the two armies, ranks the fighting only behind the On the evening of May 3 and all day May 4, Hooker remained in his defenses north of Chancellorsville.
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